GUWAHATI : Assam’s Manas National Park & Tiger Reserve (MNPTR) on Sunday rolled out the state’s first grass nursery to protect the endangered ecosystem as it has lost more than 60 per cent of the park’s grasslands over the past 35 years. The park authorities also released 15 captive-bred pygmy hogs, the world’s smallest and rarest wild pig, into the forest under the Pygmy Hog Conservation Programme (PHCP). “In a major step towards securing the future of Assam’s endangered grassland ecosystems, the state’s first dedicated grass nursery was inaugurated at Bansbari Range of Manas National Park,” MNPTR said in a statement. The nursery has been developed over an area of 7.5 bigha (approximately one hectare) with financial support from the state Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority (CAMPA), it added. “The nursery will serve as a long-term seed source for grassland restoration and expansion across Manas and other protected areas of Assam,” MNPTR said. The initiative comes at a crucial time for Manas as recent assessments indicate that the reserve has lost over 60 per cent of its historical grassland cover during the last three and a half decades, it added. “Grasslands that once covered approximately 384 sq km (45 per cent of the landscape) in 1990 have declined to about 155 sq km (18 per cent) today, primarily due to invasive species, woodland encroachment, altered river dynamics and prolonged interruption of habitat management in earlier decades,” MNPTR said. It is estimated that nearly 6 sq km of grassland is lost annually, underscoring the urgent need for restoration interventions, it added. The project marks another important milestone in Manas’ ongoing efforts to restore one of Asia’s most important riverine grassland ecosystems and secure the ecological integrity of the UNESCO Natural World Heritage Site for future generations. In the new project, a total of 16 species of native grasses were collected from different habitats within Manas since November 2025 and raised in specially prepared nursery beds. “The nursery was established in May 2026 and is expected to play a critical role in supporting large-scale ecological restoration efforts,” the authorities said. These alluvial grasslands form the ecological backbone of Manas and support globally threatened wildlife, including the pygmy hog, bengal florican, hispid hare, one-horned rhinoceros, wild water buffalo, swamp deer, Asian elephant and tiger. Speaking on the occasion, Assam Principal Chief Conservator of Forest (Wildlife) and Chief Wildlife Warden Vinay Gupta stated that restoration of grasslands is among the highest conservation priorities for Manas National Park. “The newly established grass nursery will ensure a sustainable supply of native grass species required for habitat restoration, invasive species management and recovery of critical wildlife habitats,” he added. Meanwhile, 15 captive-bred pygmy hogs were released in the same function into the Kuribeel grasslands of Manas National Park under the Pygmy Hog Conservation Programme (PHCP). The pygmy hog or Porcula Salvania is the world’s smallest and rarest wild pig, which has been threatened with extinction. Commenting on the development, Gupta said, “The reintroduction of the endangered pygmy hog in MNP is a remarkable conservation achievement. Such efforts are vital for restoring grassland ecosystems and safeguarding threatened species.” This is the sixth release of pygmy hogs into MNP since 2020, which takes the total number of the endangered species released by the programme up to 78. “This release marks a true homecoming for the pygmy hog. The founder population for the conservation breeding programme was originally captured from the Kuribeel grasslands of the Bansbari Range in Manas, where these animals have now been reintroduced. “With no confirmed signs of pygmy hogs in Kuribeel for the past nine years, this release represents a significant milestone in the recovery of the species and the restoration of its historical range,” the statement said. The PHCP, a collaborative initiative involving the Assam Forest Department, Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust, the IUCN SSC Wild Pig Specialist Group and Ecosystems-India, with Aaranyak as a key implementation partner, has been instrumental in rescuing the critically endangered pygmy hog from the brink of extinction after the species was feared extinct during the 1970s. “Over the next five years, the PHCP plans to release around 80 Pygmy Hogs, with the goal of rebuilding a thriving wild population of approximately 300 animals by 2040,” MNPTR said. The PHCP started its work in 1996 when two males and two females were captured. The reintroduction of captive-bred hogs to the wild began in 2008. Prior to releases in Manas National Park, the PHCP selected other appropriate grasslands like Orang National Park in Assam for reintroductions of the pygmy hog. The initiative has so far successfully bred and reintroduced 194 hogs in Assam, and for the first time since the reintroduction programme began, it may now outnumber their current global wild population, MNPTR said. During the day, the Manas Tiger Reserve honoured two veteran camp elephants upon their retirement from active service, while inducting five newly trained elephants into conservation duty. The ceremony featured a ‘Guard of Honour’ to the elephants, felicitation with traditional gamochas, ceremonial feeding with sugarcane and fruits, and a colourful elephant parade. The newly inducted elephants, having completed three months of training under experienced mahouts, will now assist in anti-poaching patrols, wildlife monitoring, habitat management and other conservation activities, MNPTR said. Speaking on the occasion, MNPTR Field Director C Ramesh highlighted that camp elephants remain an integral part of conservation management in Manas, particularly in the vast grassland and forest landscapes where they provide safe and effective access for protection and monitoring activities. (Source: PTI)